20 (S)-Ginsenoside-Rh2 and 20 (R)-ginsenoside-Rh2 activated IkappaB phosphorylation expression in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells was written by Qi, Xiao-dan;Hou, Jin-cai;Yu, Hai-tao;Zhang, Chun-jing. And the article was included in Advanced Materials Research (Durnten-Zurich, Switzerland) in 2011.COA of Formula: C36H62O8 This article mentions the following:
To study the underlying mechanism of 20 (S)-Ginsenoside-Rh2 and 20 (R)-Ginsenoside-Rh2 inducing apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. In this study, cell death rate and cell survival rate were obtained using Trypan blue staining cell viability assay, and transmission electron microscopy was used to detect cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, IkappaB phosphorylation expression was analyzed by western blotting. Results showed that after A549 cells were treated with 30 μg/mL 20(S)-Rh2 and 20(R)-Rh2 for 48h, cell death rate increased significantly compared with the control group (P<0.05), and nuclear condensation, fragmentation, karyopycnosis and apoptotic bodies were found under transmission electron microscope. There were no significant changes of IkappaB expression after treated with 20(S)-Rh2 and 20(R)-Rh2 (P>0.05). After treated with 20(R)-Rh2, p-IkappaB expression increased obviously between 4h-6h (P<0.05). After treated with 20(S)-Rh2, p-IkappaB expression increased obviously between 1h-2h (P<0.05), back to normal over time after 3h, increased significantly again between 4h-6h (P<0.05), which indicated the activation of IkappaB participated in A549 cell apoptosis induced by Rh2. These results demonstrated that 20(S)-Rh2 and 20(R)-Rh2 both have the functions of activating I-kappaB/NF-kappaB signaling pathway, thus promoting A549 cell apoptosis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (cas: 112246-15-8COA of Formula: C36H62O8).
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (cas: 112246-15-8) belongs to tetrahydropyran derivatives. Tetrahydropyrans and furans principally constitute as a central motif in diverse medicinally privileged molecules. 2-(Arylmethylene)cyclopropylcarbinols could be converted to the corresponding tetrahydropyrans stereoselectively in the presence of Brønsted acids under mild conditions. A plausible Prins-type reaction mechanism has been proposed.COA of Formula: C36H62O8
Referemce:
Tetrahydropyran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydropyran – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics